Reproduction steps:
1. Open the attached “CrashRepro” project
2. Open the “Assets/Scenes/MainScene.unity“ scene
3. In the Hierarchy view, select the “Shaft“ GameObject
4. In the Inspector, in the Mesh Renderer Component, make the list empty, if it isn’t
5. Add a Material to the Mesh Renderer Component, but don’t assign anything to it
6. Enter the Play Mode
7. Click the added “Element 0” material, so that you can assign a material to it

Expected result: Material assign window shows up
Actual result: Unity Editor crashes

Reproducible with: 2022.2.0b10, 2022.3.7f1
Not reproducible with: 2021.3.29f1, 2022.2.0b9, 2023.1.6f1, 2023.2.0b2

Reproducible on: Ubuntu 23.04, Ubuntu 22.04.2
Not reproducible on: Windows 10 Pro 22H2

First lines of the stack trace:
#0 0x0055a8f763a20c in burst_signal_handler(int, siginfo_t*, void*)
#1 0x007f16d6442520 in __sigaction
#2 0x0055a8f8fd6350 in core::hash_map<PreviewTextureManager::PreviewKey, PreviewTextureManager::PreviewImage, PreviewTextureManager::PreviewKeyHasher, std::equal_to<PreviewTextureManager::PreviewKey> >::operator[](PreviewTextureManager::PreviewKey const&)
#3 0x0055a8f8fd6c0d in PreviewTextureManager::IntegrateLoadedPreviewToMainThread()
#4 0x0055a8f8fd6808 in PreviewTextureManager::GetPreview(PreviewTextureManager::PreviewKey)
#5 0x0055a8f8fd69c9 in PreviewTextureManager::GetPreview(int)
#6 0x0055a8f70b8474 in AssetPreview_CUSTOM_GetAssetPreview(int, int)